Placeholders, inferred names and Params structs: DuckDB and CockroachDB
Every file of the DuckDB and CockroachDB versions side by side, with the lines that differ marked. 4 parameter or column types differ in Go.
Configuration
sgl.yamldiffers
DuckDB
CockroachDB
1
version: 11
version: 12
2
3
databases:3
databases:4
- name: ferries4
- name: ferries5
dialect: duckdb5
dialect: postgres6
migrations: db/migrations6
migrations: db/migrations7
queries: db/queries7
queries: db/queries8
go:8
go:9
package: store9
package: store10
out: internal/store10
out: internal/store11
driver: database/sqlMigrations
db/migrations/0001_sailings.up.sqldiffers
DuckDB
CockroachDB
1
CREATE SEQUENCE sailing_ids;2
3
CREATE TABLE sailings (1
CREATE TABLE sailings (4
id BIGINT PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT nextval('sailing_ids'),2
id BIGINT GENERATED ALWAYS AS IDENTITY PRIMARY KEY,5
origin VARCHAR NOT NULL,3
origin TEXT NOT NULL,6
destination VARCHAR NOT NULL,4
destination TEXT NOT NULL,7
departs VARCHAR NOT NULL,5
departs TEXT NOT NULL,8
seats_free INTEGER NOT NULL6
seats_free BIGINT NOT NULL9
);7
);db/migrations/0001_sailings.down.sqldiffers
DuckDB
CockroachDB
1
DROP TABLE sailings;1
DROP TABLE sailings;2
DROP SEQUENCE sailing_ids;Queries
AddSailingidentical
DuckDB · db/queries/sailings.sql
CockroachDB · db/queries/sailings.sql
1
-- sgl.query(AddSailing, exec)1
-- sgl.query(AddSailing, exec)2
INSERT INTO sailings (origin, destination, departs, seats_free) VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4);2
INSERT INTO sailings (origin, destination, departs, seats_free) VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4);FindSailingsidentical
DuckDB · db/queries/sailings.sql
CockroachDB · db/queries/sailings.sql
1
-- sgl.query(FindSailings, many)1
-- sgl.query(FindSailings, many)2
SELECT id, origin, destination, departs, seats_free2
SELECT id, origin, destination, departs, seats_free3
FROM sailings3
FROM sailings4
WHERE origin = $1 AND destination = $24
WHERE origin = $1 AND destination = $25
ORDER BY departs;5
ORDER BY departs;SailingsDepartingidentical
DuckDB · db/queries/sailings.sql
CockroachDB · db/queries/sailings.sql
1
-- sgl.query(SailingsDeparting, many)1
-- sgl.query(SailingsDeparting, many)2
-- $1 as sgl.param(earliest)2
-- $1 as sgl.param(earliest)3
-- $2 as sgl.param(latest)3
-- $2 as sgl.param(latest)4
SELECT id, origin, destination, departs, seats_free4
SELECT id, origin, destination, departs, seats_free5
FROM sailings5
FROM sailings6
WHERE departs >= $1 AND departs < $26
WHERE departs >= $1 AND departs < $27
ORDER BY departs;7
ORDER BY departs;BookSeatsidentical
DuckDB · db/queries/sailings.sql
CockroachDB · db/queries/sailings.sql
1
-- sgl.query(BookSeats, execrows)1
-- sgl.query(BookSeats, execrows)2
UPDATE sailings2
UPDATE sailings3
SET seats_free = seats_free - :seats3
SET seats_free = seats_free - :seats4
WHERE id = :sailing_id AND seats_free >= :seats;4
WHERE id = :sailing_id AND seats_free >= :seats;What sgl generates
AddSailingdiffers
DuckDB
CockroachDB
1
func (queries *Queries) AddSailing(ctx context.Context, params AddSailingParams) error1
func (queries *Queries) AddSailing(ctx context.Context, params AddSailingParams) error2
2
3
type AddSailingParams struct {3
type AddSailingParams struct {4
Origin string4
Origin string5
Destination string5
Destination string6
Departs string6
Departs string7
SeatsFree int327
SeatsFree int648
}8
}FindSailingsdiffers
DuckDB
CockroachDB
1
func (queries *Queries) FindSailings(ctx context.Context, params FindSailingsParams) ([]FindSailingsRow, error)1
func (queries *Queries) FindSailings(ctx context.Context, params FindSailingsParams) ([]FindSailingsRow, error)2
2
3
type FindSailingsParams struct {3
type FindSailingsParams struct {4
Origin string4
Origin string5
Destination string5
Destination string6
}6
}7
7
8
type FindSailingsRow struct {8
type FindSailingsRow struct {9
ID int64 `json:"id"`9
ID int64 `json:"id"`10
Origin string `json:"origin"`10
Origin string `json:"origin"`11
Destination string `json:"destination"`11
Destination string `json:"destination"`12
Departs string `json:"departs"`12
Departs string `json:"departs"`13
SeatsFree int32 `json:"seats_free"`13
SeatsFree int64 `json:"seats_free"`14
}14
}SailingsDepartingdiffers
DuckDB
CockroachDB
1
func (queries *Queries) SailingsDeparting(ctx context.Context, params SailingsDepartingParams) ([]SailingsDepartingRow, error)1
func (queries *Queries) SailingsDeparting(ctx context.Context, params SailingsDepartingParams) ([]SailingsDepartingRow, error)2
2
3
type SailingsDepartingParams struct {3
type SailingsDepartingParams struct {4
Earliest string4
Earliest string5
Latest string5
Latest string6
}6
}7
7
8
type SailingsDepartingRow struct {8
type SailingsDepartingRow struct {9
ID int64 `json:"id"`9
ID int64 `json:"id"`10
Origin string `json:"origin"`10
Origin string `json:"origin"`11
Destination string `json:"destination"`11
Destination string `json:"destination"`12
Departs string `json:"departs"`12
Departs string `json:"departs"`13
SeatsFree int32 `json:"seats_free"`13
SeatsFree int64 `json:"seats_free"`14
}14
}BookSeatsdiffers
DuckDB
CockroachDB
1
func (queries *Queries) BookSeats(ctx context.Context, params BookSeatsParams) (int64, error)1
func (queries *Queries) BookSeats(ctx context.Context, params BookSeatsParams) (int64, error)2
2
3
type BookSeatsParams struct {3
type BookSeatsParams struct {4
Seats int324
Seats int645
SailingID int645
SailingID int646
}6
}The program
example.godiffers
DuckDB
CockroachDB
1
package main1
package main2
2
3
import (3
import (4
"context"4
"context"5
"database/sql"5
"database/sql"6
"fmt"6
"fmt"7
"io"7
"io"8
8
9
"seagull.sh/seagull/examples/duckdb/003_parameters/internal/store"9
"seagull.sh/seagull/examples/postgres/003_parameters/internal/store"10
)10
)11
11
12
// run fills a ferry timetable, searches it two ways and books seats. Every query has two12
// run fills a ferry timetable, searches it two ways and books seats. Every query has two13
// or more parameters, so each method takes a Params struct, and the struct's field names13
// or more parameters, so each method takes a Params struct, and the struct's field names14
// come from the SQL:14
// come from the SQL:15
//15
//16
// - AddSailing and FindSailings name each $N after the column it is inserted into or16
// - AddSailing and FindSailings name each $N after the column it is inserted into or17
// compared with: Origin, Destination, Departs, SeatsFree;17
// compared with: Origin, Destination, Departs, SeatsFree;18
// - SailingsDeparting compares departs twice, which would give Departs and Departs2, so18
// - SailingsDeparting compares departs twice, which would give Departs and Departs2, so19
// its binding lines ($1 as sgl.param(earliest)) choose better names;19
// its binding lines ($1 as sgl.param(earliest)) choose better names;20
// - BookSeats uses named placeholders; :seats appears twice but is one field. sgl20
// - BookSeats uses named placeholders; :seats appears twice but is one field. The21
// numbers each name in the generated SQL, so the driver binds two values, not three.21
// generated SQL numbers them, so :seats becomes $1 in both places, as PostgreSQL22
// binds a reused number once.22
//23
//23
// Takes database (*sql.DB) which is a migrated database.24
// Takes database (*sql.DB) which is a migrated database.24
// Takes output (io.Writer) which receives the search results and bookings.25
// Takes output (io.Writer) which receives the search results and bookings.25
//26
//26
// Returns error when a query fails.27
// Returns error when a query fails.27
func run(ctx context.Context, database *sql.DB, output io.Writer) error {28
func run(ctx context.Context, database *sql.DB, output io.Writer) error {28
queries := store.New(database)29
queries := store.New(database)29
30
30
timetable := []store.AddSailingParams{31
timetable := []store.AddSailingParams{31
{Origin: "Penzance", Destination: "St Mary's", Departs: "09:15", SeatsFree: 40},32
{Origin: "Penzance", Destination: "St Mary's", Departs: "09:15", SeatsFree: 40},32
{Origin: "St Mary's", Destination: "Tresco", Departs: "11:00", SeatsFree: 12},33
{Origin: "St Mary's", Destination: "Tresco", Departs: "11:00", SeatsFree: 12},33
{Origin: "Penzance", Destination: "St Mary's", Departs: "14:30", SeatsFree: 4},34
{Origin: "Penzance", Destination: "St Mary's", Departs: "14:30", SeatsFree: 4},34
{Origin: "St Mary's", Destination: "Penzance", Departs: "16:30", SeatsFree: 60},35
{Origin: "St Mary's", Destination: "Penzance", Departs: "16:30", SeatsFree: 60},35
}36
}36
for _, sailing := range timetable {37
for _, sailing := range timetable {37
if err := queries.AddSailing(ctx, sailing); err != nil {38
if err := queries.AddSailing(ctx, sailing); err != nil {38
return fmt.Errorf("adding the %s sailing: %w", sailing.Departs, err)39
return fmt.Errorf("adding the %s sailing: %w", sailing.Departs, err)39
}40
}40
}41
}41
42
42
route, err := queries.FindSailings(ctx, store.FindSailingsParams{43
route, err := queries.FindSailings(ctx, store.FindSailingsParams{43
Origin: "Penzance",44
Origin: "Penzance",44
Destination: "St Mary's",45
Destination: "St Mary's",45
})46
})46
if err != nil {47
if err != nil {47
return fmt.Errorf("finding sailings: %w", err)48
return fmt.Errorf("finding sailings: %w", err)48
}49
}49
fmt.Fprintln(output, "Penzance to St Mary's:")50
fmt.Fprintln(output, "Penzance to St Mary's:")50
for _, sailing := range route {51
for _, sailing := range route {51
fmt.Fprintf(output, " sailing %d at %s, %d seats free\n", sailing.ID, sailing.Departs, sailing.SeatsFree)52
fmt.Fprintf(output, " sailing %d at %s, %d seats free\n", sailing.ID, sailing.Departs, sailing.SeatsFree)52
}53
}53
54
54
midday, err := queries.SailingsDeparting(ctx, store.SailingsDepartingParams{55
midday, err := queries.SailingsDeparting(ctx, store.SailingsDepartingParams{55
Earliest: "10:00",56
Earliest: "10:00",56
Latest: "15:00",57
Latest: "15:00",57
})58
})58
if err != nil {59
if err != nil {59
return fmt.Errorf("finding midday sailings: %w", err)60
return fmt.Errorf("finding midday sailings: %w", err)60
}61
}61
fmt.Fprintln(output, "Departing between 10:00 and 15:00:")62
fmt.Fprintln(output, "Departing between 10:00 and 15:00:")62
for _, sailing := range midday {63
for _, sailing := range midday {63
fmt.Fprintf(output, " sailing %d at %s, %s to %s\n", sailing.ID, sailing.Departs, sailing.Origin, sailing.Destination)64
fmt.Fprintf(output, " sailing %d at %s, %s to %s\n", sailing.ID, sailing.Departs, sailing.Origin, sailing.Destination)64
}65
}65
66
66
// The same booking twice: the first takes 3 of the 4 free seats, so the second changes67
// The same booking twice: the first takes 3 of the 4 free seats, so the second changes67
// no row because seats_free >= :seats is now false.68
// no row because seats_free >= :seats is now false.68
booking := store.BookSeatsParams{Seats: 3, SailingID: 3}69
booking := store.BookSeatsParams{Seats: 3, SailingID: 3}69
for range 2 {70
for range 2 {70
booked, err := queries.BookSeats(ctx, booking)71
booked, err := queries.BookSeats(ctx, booking)71
if err != nil {72
if err != nil {72
return fmt.Errorf("booking sailing %d: %w", booking.SailingID, err)73
return fmt.Errorf("booking sailing %d: %w", booking.SailingID, err)73
}74
}74
if booked == 0 {75
if booked == 0 {75
fmt.Fprintf(output, "sailing %d has fewer than %d seats free\n", booking.SailingID, booking.Seats)76
fmt.Fprintf(output, "sailing %d has fewer than %d seats free\n", booking.SailingID, booking.Seats)76
continue77
continue77
}78
}78
fmt.Fprintf(output, "booked %d seats on sailing %d\n", booking.Seats, booking.SailingID)79
fmt.Fprintf(output, "booked %d seats on sailing %d\n", booking.Seats, booking.SailingID)79
}80
}80
return nil81
return nil81
}82
}Go type differences
The same SQL types map to different Go types, because each database reports them differently.
| Query | Field | DuckDB | CockroachDB |
|---|---|---|---|
| AddSailing | parameter seats_free | int32 | int64 |
| FindSailings | column seats_free | int32 | int64 |
| SailingsDeparting | column seats_free | int32 | int64 |
| BookSeats | parameter seats | int32 | int64 |